This means that both ends can send and receive data simultaneously without mutual interference. Because of these two separate lines, data can be send full duplex. One is for transmitting data and the other for receiving.
RS232 provides 2 data lines for each data channel. Although this is 1:1 communication, it is possible with special cables to monitor the data streams. This type of communication has become the minority and nowadays serial communications is mainly between two DTE devices using a null modem cable. The RS232 standard defines an asynchronous way of communication between DTE, data terminal equipment (computers, printers, etc.) and DCE, data communication equipment (modems).
Introduction on monitoring serial RS232 data Introduction on monitoring serial RS232 data.
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